- Official Symbol
- ISG15provided by HGNC
- Official Full Name
- ISG15 ubiquitin like modifierprovided by HGNC
- Primary source
- HGNC:HGNC:4053
- Also known as
- G1P2; IP17; UCRP; IFI15; IMD38; hUCRP
- Summary
- The protein encoded by this gene is a ubiquitin-like protein that is conjugated to intracellular target proteins upon activation by interferon-alpha and interferon-beta. Several functions have been ascribed to the encoded protein, including chemotactic activity towards neutrophils, direction of ligated target proteins to intermediate filaments, cell-to-cell signaling, and antiviral activity during viral infections. While conjugates of this protein have been found to be noncovalently attached to intermediate filaments, this protein is sometimes secreted. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]
- Expression Broad expression in salivary gland (RPKM 43.3), spleen (RPKM 35.3) and 22 other tissues See more
- Effects of hepatitis E virus infection on interferon production via ISG15. Wang M, et al. World J Gastroenterol, 2018 May 28. PMID 29853735, Free PMC Article
- Irreversible inactivation of ISG15 by a viral leader protease enables alternative infection detection strategies. Swatek KN, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2018 Mar 6. PMID 29463763, Free PMC Article
- ISG15 Modulates Type I Interferon Signaling and the Antiviral Response during Hepatitis E Virus Replication. Sooryanarain H, et al. J Virol, 2017 Oct 1. PMID 28724761, Free PMC Article
- Unconjugated interferon-stimulated gene 15 specifically interacts with the hepatitis C virus NS5A protein via domain I. Minami N, et al. Microbiol Immunol, 2017 Jul. PMID 28543875
- Beyond ISGlylation: Functions of Free Intracellular and Extracellular ISG15. Dos Santos PF, et al. J Interferon Cytokine Res, 2017 Jun. PMID 28467275
GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions
- ISG15 expression is relatively high in SLE patients and correlates with disease activity before treatment. ISG15 expression is higher in SLE patients with lymphocytopenia before treatment.
- the present study demonstrates that covalent ISG15 conjugation produces a novel CHIP regulatory mode that enhances the tumor-suppressive activity of CHIP.
- Protein ISG15 mediates the tumorigenesis via c-MET/Fyn/beta-catenin pathway in Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.
- The structures of ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18) and a USP18-Interferon-stimulated 15-KDa protein (ISG15) complex indicate the molecular basis of the specificity of the protease and its interaction with the type I interferon receptor [Review].
- These results demonstrate that virus-induced IFN-lambda4 potently blocks IFN-alpha signalling by inducing high protein levels of ISG15 and USP18. Moreover, the data clearly demonstrate that DAA therapy restores IFN-alpha responsiveness in HCV-infected cells.
- IFN-gamma increases free ISG15 levels in the cytoplasm and ISGylation in the nucleus and cytoplasm, but in a manner distinct between MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231cells.
- Hepatitis E virus may promote production of IFN-alpha/beta and expression of ISG15 via ORF3 in the early stages, and increased ISG15 subsequently inhibited the production of IFN-alpha/beta.
- ISG15 reduces miR-17-5p levels and thereby promotes Beclin-1-mediated autophagy
- ISGylation is a ubiquitin-like modification that controls exosome release. ISGylation induction decreases microvesicular body numbers and impairs exosome secretion. Specifically, ISGylation of the MVB protein TSG101 induces its aggregation and degradation, being sufficient to impair exosome secretion.
- The species-specific gain-of-function in antiviral immunity observed in ISG15 deficiency is explained by the requirement of ISG15 to sustain USP18 levels in humans.
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