Goblet-solut ja sen pääasiallinen sekretorisen liman tuotanto on herättänyt viime vuosina enemmän kiinostusta ja uusia löytöjäkin on tehty. Nyt gobletsolua pidetään nukoosabiologian ja suolistoimmunologian keskeisenä soluna. Musiinisysteemi eroaa melkoisesti ohutsuolen ja paksusuolen kesken, vaikka molemmissa alueissa musiinjärjestelmä perustuu MUC2- musiinin polymeereihin; mukoosaimmunologian ymmärtämisessä on fundamentaalisen tärkeää gobletsolujen ja niiden erityksen säätymisen erilaisuuden huomioiminen näissä kahdessa alueessa. Goblet soluja on useita erilaisia tyyppejä , joita voi hahmottaa niiden sijainnin ja funktion perusteella. Paksusuolen pinnan (surface) gobletin solujen eritys on jatkuvaa ja pitää yllä sisempää mukoosakerrosta, kun taas paksusuolen ja ohutsuolen kryptien (crypts) gobletsolujen erittys alkaa stimuluksesta, joillainen seuraa endosytoosin jälkeen tai asetylkoliinivasteessa. Vaikka on edistytty viime vuosina paljon, on käsitys gobletsolujen funktiosta ja säätelystä vasta alussaan.
LÄHDE: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25872481
Mucosal Immunol. 2015 Jul;8(4):712-9. doi: 10.1038/mi.2015.32. Epub 2015 Apr 15. New developments in goblet cell mucus secretion and function.
Goblet cells
and their main secretory product, mucus, have long been poorly
appreciated; however, recent discoveries have changed this and placed
these cells at
the center stage of our understanding of mucosal biology and the
immunology of the intestinal tract. The mucus system differs
substantially between the small and large intestine, although it is
built around MUC2 mucin polymers in both cases. Furthermore, that goblet cells
and the regulation of their secretion also differ between these two
parts of the intestine is of fundamental importance for a better
understanding of mucosal immunology. There are several types of goblet cell that can be delineated based on their location and function. The surface colonic goblet cells secrete continuously to maintain the inner mucus layer, whereas goblet cells
of the colonic and small intestinal crypts secrete upon stimulation,
for example, after endocytosis or in response to acetyl choline.
However, despite much progress in recent years, our understanding of goblet cell function and regulation is still in its infancy.
Goblet cells Goblet
cells are specialized for the synthesis and secretion of mucus. They
acquired their name for their typical goblet, cup-like, appearance
formed by the mucin granulae which fill up the cytoplasm ().
In addition to MUC2 the mucin granulae are filled with the other
typical mucus components FCGBP, CLCA1, ZG16, and AGR2. Mice lacking Muc2
have the same number of goblet cells but these do not have the typical
goblet cell shape.
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