TRIM34 (Kr.11p15.4) RNF21, IFP1 (C_IV) , antiretroviraali, tavataan mikronukleuksessa.

TRIM34 (TRIM11p15.4), RNF21, IFP1 (C_IV)

TRIM34-proteiini omaa kolme sinkkiä sitovaa domeenia RING, BBox1 ja BBox2 sekä Coiled coil-domeenin. Geenin ilmenemä säätyy ylös interferoni tyyppi1:stä Geeni asettuu TRIMgeeniklusteriin kromosomissa 11 asemaan 11p15.4. Alternatiivilla pleissauksella geenistä koodautuu eri pitkiä transkriptejä. Pisimmässä on tandem RBCC ja lyhimmässä on vain RBCC. Tämän geenin ylävirrassa sijaitsee TRIM6 ja näistä naapurigeeneistä voi koodautua "read thourgh " fuusiotuote. Geeniä ilmenee pernassa, imusolmukkeessa ja 24 muussa kudoksessa. On havaittu, että mikronukleuksen  kromosomissa on TRIM34  hidastamassa asettumista  ekvatoriaaliseen tasoon metafaasissa.  Ei liity kuitenkaan mitokondriaan.  Antiretroviraalisia vaikutuksia  on esim SIV ja  EAIV virukseen, mutta  restriktio HIV:tä kohtaan on hyvin heikko. 

• IFP1; RNF21 Summary, The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The TRIM motif includes three zinc-binding domains, a RING, B-box type 1 and B-box type 2 domain, and a coiled-coil region. Expression of this gene is up-regulated by interferon. This gene is mapped to chromosome 11p15, where it resides within a TRIM gene cluster. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A read-through transcript from the upstream TRIM6 gene has also been observed, which results in a fusion product from these neighboring family members. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010] Expression Ubiquitous expression in spleen (RPKM 7.4), lymph node (RPKM 6.3) and 24 other tissues See more

Isoformi1 rakenne,

•  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001003827.1

Asemassa 15-59 RING finger-

Asemassa 95..137, Bbox Zn finger

Asemasaa 300..485 SPRY-PRY-TRIM34, RNF21, IFP1

Related articles in PubMed

TRIM34 metafaasin ekvatoriaalisessa tasossa mikronukleuksen kromosomeissa

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Model-describing-the-association-between-chromosome-mis-segregation-micronuclei-and_fig4_281779508

1. [Tripartite motif-containing protein 34 (TRIM34) colocalized with micronuclei chromosome and hampers its movement to equatorial plate during the metaphase stage of mitosis]. Sun D, et al. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2016 Jun. PMID 27371841 Abstract

Tutkijat halusivat tietää, onko TRIM34 asettunut samaan kuin mikronukleukset ja tutkivat mikronukleaalista kromosomiliikettä mitoosissa. TRIM34 lokalisoitui mikronukeluksiin, mutta ei mitokondrioihin. Mikronukleus-TRIM34 kompleksi mitoosin metafaasissa siirtyi huonosti ekvatoriaaliseen tasoon

• Interestingly, the micronuclei chromosome conjugated with TRIM34 was hardly transferred to equatorial plate during the metaphase stage of mitosis. Conclusion TRIM34 is colocalized with micronuclei chromosome and hampers its movement to equatorial plate in mitosis.
• OBS: 2 MICRONUCLEI IREA Observation of chromosomes and counting of aberrations in metaphases is the most detailed analysis to measure chromosome damage Complexity and time consuming Confounding effects of artefactual loss of chromosomes from metaphases Stimulated the development of a simpler method to measure chromosome damage Fragments Dicentric Ring Kanazawa, BEMS 2007

TRIM34 cDNA:n kolme eripitkää isoformia

• Molecular cloning of ring finger protein 21 (RNF21)/interferon-responsive finger protein (ifp1), which possesses two RING-B box-coiled coil domains in tandem. Orimo A, et al. Genomics, 2000 Oct 1. PMID 11013086

(Suomennosta) RNF21 cDNA omasi vähintään kolmen laista isoformia alternatiivisesta pleisasuksesta johtuen. Kokopitkä RNF21 koodattuna on rakenteeltaan RBCC-RBCC-B30.2. Keskipitkä muoto on RBCC_B30.2 ja lyhyt muoto vain RBCC-domeeni. Keskimmäistä muotoa ilmenee 8-16 tuntia interferonistimuluksesta. RNF21 on alavirran geeni ja saataa välittää interferonin biologisia vaiktuskia.

• We have cloned the full length of a novel cDNA, named ring finger protein 21 (RNF21), composed of the RING finger-B box-coiled coil (RBCC) domain and the B30.2 domain, which are characteristic of the RBCC-B30.2 family. As a structural feature, the RNF21 cDNA possessed at least three kinds of isoforms, due to alternative splicing, consisting of the long form with the RBCC-RBCC-B30.2 domain, the medium form with the RBCC-B30.2 domain, and the short form with only the RBCC domain. Moreover, respective transcripts corresponding to the three isoforms were detected in various human organs by reverse transcription-PCR and Northern blot analyses. Interestingly, the medium form of the RNF21 mRNA expressed most predominantly was dramatically up-regulated within 8-16 h by interferon stimulation of HeLa cells. These findings suggest that RNF21 is a downstream gene that may mediate interferon's biological action.

TRIM34 kiinnittyy kyllä HIV-1 kapsidiin, mutta ei pysty aiheuttamaan riittävää restriktiota

• Binding of the rhesus TRIM5α PRYSPRY domain to capsid is necessary but not sufficient for HIV-1 restriction. Yang Y, et al. Virology, 2014 Jan 5. PMID 24314652, Free PMC Article esting retroviral restriction and capsid binding of an extensive collection of 60 TRIM5αrh PRYSPRY variants revealed that binding is necessary but not sufficient for restriction. In support of this hypothesis, we showed that some human tripartite motif proteins bind the HIV-1 capsid but do not restrict HIV-1 infection, such as human TRIM6 and TRIM34.

Antriretroviraalista ominaisuutta osoitti TRIM1, TRIM5 ja TRIM34

TRIM antiretroviraali HIV-2/SIV (MAC) ja EIAV viruksia kohtaan

• Antiretroviral potential of human tripartite motif-5 and related proteins. Zhang F, et al. Virology, 2006 Sep 30. PMID 16828831 TRIM5alpha is a potent inhibitor of infection by diverse retroviruses and is encoded by one of a large family of TRIM genes. We found that several TRIM motifs among a panel of selected human TRIM proteins (TRIM1, 5, 6, 18, 19, 21 22, 34) could inhibit infection when artificially targeted to an incoming HIV-1 capsid. Conversely, when ectopically expressed as authentic full-length proteins, most lacked activity against a panel of retroviruses. The exceptions were TRIM1, TRIM5 and TRIM34 proteins. Weak but specific inhibition of HIV-2/SIV(MAC) and EIAV by TRIM34 was noted, and human TRIM5alpha modestly, but specifically, inhibited an HIV-1 strain carrying a mutation in the cyclophilin binding loop (G89V). Restriction activity observed in ectopic expression assays was sometimes not detectable in corresponding RNAi-based knockdown experiments. However, endogenous owl monkey TRIMCyp potently inhibited an SIV(AGM) strain. Overall, sporadic examples of intrinsic antiretroviral activity exist in this panel of TRIM proteins.
  

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Musitiin 16.4. 2018