( Koska Sars-2 virus käyttää autofagiatien alkuosaa tehdäkseen replikaatio-organellin, katson tätä histokompatibiliteettialueen molekyylikatrasta. )
. 2017 Sep 22;8:1183.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01183.
eCollection 2017. Autophagy Proteins in Phagocyte Endocytosis and Exocytosis
Free PMC article
Abstract
Autophagy was initially described as a catabolic pathway that
recycles nutrients of cytoplasmic constituents after lysosomal
degradation during starvation. Since the immune system monitors products
of lysosomal degradation via major histocompatibility complex
(MHC) class II restricted antigen presentation, autophagy was found to
process intracellular antigens for display on MHC class II molecules. In
recent years, however, it has become apparent that the molecular
machinery of autophagy serves phagocytes in many more membrane
trafficking pathways, thereby regulating immunity to infectious disease
agents. In this minireview, we will summarize the recent evidence that
autophagy proteins regulate phagocyte endocytosis and exocytosis for
myeloid cell activation, pathogen replication, and MHC class I and II
restricted antigen presentation. Selective stimulation and inhibition of
the respective functional modules of the autophagy machinery might
constitute valid therapeutic options in the discussed disease settings.
Keywords:
Epstein–Barr virus; IL-1; LC3-associated phagocytosis;
coxsackievirus; major histocompatibility complex; poliovirus; varicella
zoster virus. 
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